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The surface reflectance differences between a pre-agricultural (forest) and a modern agricultural (patchwork heating) landscape.

The stages in the evolution of a wave (frontal) cyclone.

Horizontal divergence and convergence patterns associated with the polar-front jet.

The onset and retreat of the West African monsoon with respect to the timing of the direct rays of the sun.

Diagram of a wave system depicting typical divergence and convergence distributions for non-tilting and tilting systems.

General patterns of atmospheric circulation over an idealized Earth with a uniform surface and the actual Earth.

Annual temperature and precipitation patterns for several locations with different climatic conditions.

The process of cell division by mitosis.

Stages in the process of meiosis, cell division among sexually reproducing organisms.

Receptor-mediated endocytosis enables cells to ingest molecules such as protein that are necessary for normal cell functioning.

The endoplasmic reticulum plays an important role in the biosynthesis, processing, and transport of proteins and lipids.

Transverse section of an artery.

Human arterial supply and venous drainage of the organs.

Diagram showing a healthy heart valve compared with a diseased heart valve and an artificial heart valve.

The diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.

A heart-lung machine diverts blood from the body to an oxygenator, which removes CO2, adds O2, and returns the blood to the body

Diagram demonstrating the difference between a normal heart and a heart with an atrial septal defect

Evolutionary history of the globin genes. The dots indicate the duplication of ancestral genes, giving rise to new gene lineage.

Phylogeny based on differences in the protein sequence of cytochrome c in organisms ranging from Neurospora mold to humans.

Diagram of an artificial pacemaker

The components of a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

The diffusion of potassium cations across a semipermeable membrane.

Changes in ion permeance underlying the action potential.

Theoretical depiction of the movement of tectonic plates across Earth's surface.

Diagram depicting the process of atoll formation. Atolls are formed from the remnant parts of sinking volcanic islands.

Two types of pressure gauge: the U-tube manometer and the Bourdon-tube gauge.

Diagram of a human uterus during the fourth month of pregnancy.

Differentiation of the external genitalia in the human embryo and fetus.

Average exchange of energy between the surface, atmosphere, and space, as percentages of incident solar radiation.

The Michelson interferometer measures the effect on the speed of light of the motion of the ether through which light travels.

Three types of natural selection, showing the effects of each on the distribution of phenotypes within a population.

Coriolis force

Compton effect

An internal-combustion engine goes through four strokes: intake, compression, combustion (power), and exhaust.

Cross section comparing the left ventricular wall of normal heart to a left ventricular wall that has experienced hypertrophy.

Theoretical diagram showing the effects of an advancing tectonic plate on other adjacent, but stationary, tectonic plates.

Cross section of a typical bomb calorimeter.

Diagram of a mammalian muscle spindle.

Automotive-type lead-acid battery, a storage battery that holds its charge for a long time and can be recharged.

The steps involved in the engineering of a recombinant DNA molecule.

Earth's prebiotic and modern atmosphere

Vegetation profile of a grassland.

The components of a transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Thermonuclear warhead

Light waves matching the orientation of the molecules of a polarizing filter are absorbed, reducing the intensity of the light.

The artery wall and the ultrastructure of the smooth muscle cells within it.

Seasons change because more direct sunlight falls on some parts of Earth than others at different times of the year.

Rising air in an unstable atmosphere

Electron shell

A cutaway view shows how light passes through the lenses and prisms of binoculars.

Zonation of the ocean. Note that in the littoral zone the water is at the high-tide mark.

Vegetation profile of a temperate deciduous forest.

Comparison of a normal heart to one with a ventricular septal defect

Diagram of a two-cavity klystron, used as an amplifier and RF signal source at microwave frequencies, and also as an oscillator.

Elements of a magnetron, used to generate power for radar systems, microwave ovens, plasma screens, and linear accelerators.

Elements of the traveling-wave tube (TWT), used to amplify microwave signals over broad bandwidths.

Gyrotron, electrons from the cathode acquire cyclotron rotation in the cavity.

Electromagnetic spectrum. The visible range (shaded portion) is shown enlarged on the right.

The four strokes of a four-stroke cycle engine - intake, compression, power, and exhaust. Only the intake stroke delivers power.

Blower-scavenged, two-stroke-cycle engine with uniflow scavenging, displaying both upstroke and downstroke.

Basic components of an electrochemical cell.

Solar cells, whether used in a central power station, a satellite, or a calculator, have the same basic structure.

An electron (e) in a solar cell interacting with light and dissipating excess energy is analogous to a child playing on a slide.

A tokamak is a toroidal magnetic confinement system used as a method of achieving fusion energy.

The gasoline carburetor is a device that introduces fuel into the airstream as it flows into the engine.

Nickel (hydroxide)-cadmium cell of “jelly roll” construction. This rechargable battery is commonly used in portable devices.

Cross section of a V-type engine.

Diesel engine equipped with a precombustion chamber.

The sequence of events in a four-stroke diesel engine involves a single intake valve, fuel-injection nozzle, and exhaust valve.

Georges Leclanche's dry cell and its later variations, zinc chloride and alkaline cells, are batteries commonly used worldwide.

Modern version of the Leclanche cell. This heavy-duty zinc-carbon primary battery is a dry cell with an immobilized electrolyte.

Cutaway view of an alkaline-manganese dioxide power cell.

Cutaway view of a typical construction of a miniature power cell, as in a zinc-silver oxide or zinc-mercuric oxide system.

A fuel cell (actually a group of cells) has essentially the same kinds of components as a battery.

Typical gasoline engine cooling system.

Typical gasoline engine lubrication system.

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell.

A grid-connected solar cell system.

Types of faulting in tectonic earthquakes.

Seismic ray types in Earth's interior from earthquake at F.

Generated by an undersea earthquake, a tsunami may propagate over open ocean waters before cresting and inundating a coastline.

The Hardy-Weinberg Law applied to two alleles.

The journey of the Galileo spacecraft to Jupiter, highlighting major observations along the trajectory, as well as their dates.

Basic characteristics of orbits in which a satellite can be placed around Earth, categorized by inclination, shape and altitude.

Annual circulation patterns in a dimictic lake: stratification in the summer and complete overturn in the autumn and spring.

Ionic bond

Schematic drawing of the structure of a typical bacterial cell of the bacillus type.

Vegetation profile of a desert.

Vegetation profile of tropical mountain lands.

Fission bomb designs

The weather model of meteorologist Edward Lorenz.

Pay-off matrix showing bourgeois, or mixed attack/retreat behaviour, as the most stable strategy for a population.

Glycolysis, the dissolution of sugar, is carried out in the cytoplasm of cells.

The analysis of sound frequencies by the basilar membrane.

The two sensory organs of balance: the cristae of the semicircular ducts and the maculae of the utricle and saccule.

Vegetation profile of a boreal forest. The tree layer consists mainly of conifers, and mosses are the predominant ground cover.

Blood alcohol concentration

Blood alcohol concentration

Uniformly accelerated motion; s = speed, a = acceleration, t = time, and v = velocity.

In Ptolemy's geocentric model of the universe, the Sun, Moon, and each planet orbit a stationary Earth.

Approaching the speed of light, an object appears shorter, with a longer time interval, relative to its intervals when at rest.

The 4-D space-time continuum is distorted in the vicinity of any mass, depending on the mass and the distance from the mass.

Space station Mir, after its completion in 1996, with the launch dates of each modular component shown.

Cross-section showing component parts of arteries and veins

Electrical conduction in the heart in healthy individuals is controlled by pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node.

Relationships of endocrine glands, from the pituitary-hypothalamus system to the vertebrate endocrine glands and their hormones.

Four types of gasoline engines: opposed-piston engine, rotary engine, in-line engine, and V-type engine.

The Apollo program: the Saturn V launch vehicle and configurations of the spacecraft modules at launch and during the journey.

Apollo mission profile for a lunar landing and return, outlining the various stages along the mission.

U.S. space station Skylab (occupied 1973-74), shown with docked Apollo Command and Service modules.

Bohr atomic model

Four main types of estuaries: A) salt wedge estuary, B) partially mixed estuary, C) vertically homogeneous estuary, D) fjord.

Polar covalent bond

Displacements in the Earth in four types of free vibrations.

Cross section of a crystal microphone.

Pluto and the Kuiper belt

U.S. space shuttle, composed of a winged orbiter, an external liquid-propellant tank, and two solid-fuel rocket boosters.

Venus's middle and lower atmosphere

Early 19th-century whaleboat

The mechanical components of a compound microscope.

Image formation in a microscope, according to the Abbe theory.

A cross section of Earth's outer layers, from the crust through the lower mantle.

Moon interior

Asteroid distribution

Pluto-Charon mutual eclipses

Near-Earth objects

Uranus's orbit

Speedometer

Spring balance

Nuclear blast and radiation effects

Diagram demonstrating the progression of an arterial embolism

Diagram illustrating varicose veins

Jupiter's atmosphere

Operating principle of a parallel-flow heat exchanger.

Male Down's syndrome karyotype, artwork

Human stomach, artwork

Human olfactory system, artwork

Liver and pancreas, artwork

Dupuytren's contracture,artwork

Kidney stone, artwork

Tear production, artwork

Situs inversus, artwork

Brain and spinal cord, artwork

Shoulder muscles, artwork

Eye anatomy,artwork

Narrowed blood vessel, artwork

Narrowed blood vessel, artwork

Narrowed blood vessel, artwork

Anatomical terms, artwork

Anatomical planes of the body, artwork

Male anatomy, artwork

Male anatomy, artwork

Animal cell structure

Healthy female figure, artwork

Healthy female figure, artwork

Female reproductive system, artwork

Cardiovascular system, artwork

Collateral circulation, artwork

Narrowed coronary artery, artwork

Shoulder bones, artwork

Simultaneous events may seem to coincide in time for one observer but not another due to differences in their spatial positions.

Van Allen radiation belt

In 1849, French physicist Armand Fizeau used this method to achieve the first terrestrial measurement of the speed of light.

When monochromatic light passes through two narrow slits to illuminate a screen, it creates a pattern of bright and dark bands.

When monochromatic light passing through a single slit illuminates a screen, a characteristic diffraction pattern is observed.

Height of space from Earth, illustration

Height of space from Earth, illustration

Height of space from Earth, illustration

Height of space from Earth, illustration

Drinking through a straw, illustration

Drinking through a straw, illustration

Cardiac stress test, artwork

Weathering frees heavy minerals from their matrix, washing them down slope where flowing water forms them into placer deposits.

Genetic differentiation between populations of Drosophila willistoni.

The life cycle of a malaria parasite, from its stages within the body of a mosquito to those within the body of a human.

The relationship between hot springs and epithermal veins.

The circulation of nitrogen in various forms through nature, a process essential to life on Earth.

An illustration representing Isaac Newton's equation for reconciling different frames of reference, x' = x - vt (t equals time).

Mechanism of enzyme action, illustration

Laser eye surgery, artwork

Laser eye surgery, artwork

Male urinary system, artwork

Female urinary system, artwork

Heart, artwork

Asthma pathology, artwork

Breast anatomy, artwork

Heart, artwork

A cross section of the embryonic disk, showing formation of the neural tube.

A cross section of the lower cervical segment of the spinal cord, showing cytoarchitectural lamination.

Female reproductive system, artwork

Gender characteristics, artwork

Muscle structure, artwork

Protein synthesis, artwork

Gate control theory of pain, artwork

Pressure exerted by finger pushing a nail into wood, illustr

Pressure exerted by finger pushing a nail into wood, illustr

Raybox, illustration

The age of Earth's oceanic crust, as measured in millions of years.

Greenhouse effect on Earth

Layers of the ionosphere