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Russian civil war, kalinin and s, budonny (budenny), commander of the first cavalry army, at the vrangel front in october 1920, with cavalry troops.

Red army soldiers of the first cavalry army, commanded by semyon budyonny (budenny) at a rally in 1920, russia, civil war.

First cavalry army under the command of semyon budonny (budenny), civil war period, russia, 1919-1922.

S, budenny, s, timoshenko, and k, voroshilov, a group portrait from 1919, at that time, voroshilov was a member of the military council of the first mounted army (cavalry), budenny was the commander of that army, and timoshenko was division commander in the army.

Soviet military commanders klement voroshilov (left) and semyon budonny (budenny) in 1919, they led the first cavalry army in the civil war period.

Command post of 235 nevelsk regiment on the front line during the russian civil war, spring, 1920, cavalry.

Admiral a,v, kolchak (1873-1920), leader of counter revolutionary forces against the bolsheviks, reviews white army soldiers at the front in fall of 1919, russian civil war.

Baron roman feodorovich ungern-sternberg, white russian commander of anti-bolshevik forces in mongolia and lake baikal region, 1886-1921, captured in irkutsk and executed by the bolsheviks, the mad baron, the bloody baron, russian civil war.

General ivan chernyakhovsky (4th from right), commander of red army troops of the third belorussian front, at front line positions, world war 2.

Cavalry attack' painting by n, samokish, russian civil war, cossack.

Russian theater, dance, and art impresario, sergei diaghilev in the 1920s.

Leon trotsky, people's commissar for military and naval affairs, at a military parade in red square in honor of the third congress of the communist interantion (third international), moscow, soviet union, 1920.

General ivan chernyakhovsky (left), commander of red army troops of the third belorussian front, world war 2.

Josef stalin (right) with felix dzherzhinsky, founder of the cheka (first soviet secret police), late 1920s? .

Lieutenant-generat pavel belov, commander of a red army cavalry unit, world war ll, march 1942.

The first world war, emperor nicholas ll, supreme commander-in-chief, listening to a report of the guard of honor at the western front in march 1916.

General lavr georgiyevich kornilov (1870-1918), front, center, white russian (anti bolshevik) military leader, commander-in-chief of all russian forces, 1917, civil war.

Winter war with finland 1939, soviet red army troops storming a finnish forest stronghold.

Les soirs' by emile verhaeren, staged by v, meyerhold and bebutov at the first rsfsr theatre, art director: v, dmitriev, premiered november 7, 1920, ussr.

Rozaliya zemlyachka (seated with glasses) during a purge trial at a co-operative in moscow, 1933, a leading bolshevik party member, she was one of the organizers of the 'red terror' during the civil war, she was responsible for the execution of thousands of white guard officers in the crimea after it was occupied by the red army in 1921.

The first soviet steam-and-internal combustion locomotive with it's inventor and chief builders, november 1939, (left to right) d, lvov, l, maizel (inventor), and p, soroka.

Red army troops advancing on the leningrad front, october 1942.

Kv-1 (klement voroshilov) tank, a group of civilians and red army men watch a new kv-1 tank that has just left the factory and will soon be on its way to the front, ussr, world war 2.

Leon trotsky addressing troops on their way to the polish front (civil war period), may 5th 1920, sverdlov square, moscow, on the stairs behind the speakers' platform are lev kamenev (in peaked cap) and v,i, lenin.

The church of christ the savior in moscow, 1920s.

Two women looking at coats and hats on display in a window of the central department store in moscow, 1940s.

Afghan air force mikoyan-gurevich mig-15 fighters and ilyushin il-28 bombers at kabul, afghanistan, during the visit of the u,s, president dwight d, eisenhower, 9-14 december 1959.

Communist leaders from two continents at the bolshoi theater in moscow at a meeting in honor of josef stalin's 70th birthday on december 21, 1949, (left to right: suslov, mao zedong, bulganin, stalin, vassilevsky, and khrushchev).

Red army soldiers on night reconnaisance on the first baltic front, world war 2, june 1944.

Ceremony at the bolshoi theater celebrating joseph stalin's 70th birthday, seated, from left to right, are togliatti, budenni, kaganovich, suslov, mao tse-tung (zedong), bulganin, stalin, vassilevsky, khrushchev, ibarruri, georgiu-dej,shvernik, and malenkov, december 1949.

Moscow, october 7, 1939, chairman of the presidium of the ussr supreme soviet mikhail kalinin awards heroes of the battles on the khalkhin-gol river, from left to right: heroes of the soviet union s, p, denisov, i, n, dushkin, k, n, abramov, n, s, gerasimov, v, i, shevchenko and i, a, lakeyev.

The boiko's tank unit receives new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942, tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko and her husband, driver/mechanic ivan boiko, the unit commander entrusts the boiko crew with their tank.

Cheap meals being distributed among moscow workers in the early 1920s.

The first world war, emperor nicholas ll, supreme commander-in-chief, at the western front in march 1916.

Corner of 25th october prospect (nevsky prospect) and july 3rd street (sadovaya street) in leningrad, early 1930s.

World war 2, red army troops crossing the dnieper river north of kiev, october 1943.

V,i, lenin, m,i, kalinin, i,v, stalin in a group of delegates of the 8th meeting of the bolshevik communist party in moscow, march 1919.

The boiko's tank unit receives new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942, tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko and her husband, driver/mechanic ivan boiko.

World war 2, red army cavalry charge, march 1942.

Red army cavalry soldiers undergoing rapier practice, world war ll.

Chairman s, muromtsev, a member of the constitutional-democratic party, speaking at a sitting of the first state duma (russian parliament) in 1906.

The russian delegation including leo trotsky, being greeted by the germans upon their arrival at brest-litovsk, december 27, 1917.

Soviet red army soldiers with us-made jeeps on the way to the front, world war 2, american aid, lend lease program.

Soviet red army anti tank unit in us-made jeeps on the way to the front, world war 2, american aid, lend lease program.

Tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko, speaking to attendees of the fourth soviet women's anti-fascist meeting on august 20, 1944 at the tchaikovsky concert hall in moscow.

A steam locomotive on the trans-siberian railroad in the krasnoyarsk region of russia in the 1890s, the first train in krasnoyarsk.

The boiko's tank unit receives new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942, tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko and her husband, driver/mechanic ivan boiko being welcomed by their new comrades.

World war 2, marshal of the soviet union, ivan konev (konyev), commander of the troops of the first ukrainian front, and marshal rotmistrov of the tank force at the observation post.

Leon trotsky speaking at the tomb of victims of an explosion at the head quarters of the moscow city committee of the russian communist party of bolsheviks, leontyevsky lane, moscow, soviet union.

Malnourished croatian and bosnian muslim prisoners of war in manjaca, the largest serbian concentration camp, serbia, 1992.

Partisan units of yugoslav national liberation army march into liberated belgrade, october 20th, 1944, yugoslavia, world war 2.

Lenin's funeral, members of the politburo (joseph stalin, left front) carrying the casket into the crypt near the kremlin wall in red square, moscow, january 1924.

President mikhail kalinin receiving william c, bullit, the first u,s, ambassador, in moscow, 1934.

Joseph stalin at a may day celebration with first grade student vera kondakova, may 1, 1952, she stepped out of a column of pioneers and presented the premier with a bouquet of flowers.

The entrance hall of the ussr pavillion at the 1939 world's fair in new york.

Nina lobkovskaya in war and peace, like all young girls, nina loves pretty clothes, here she is trying on a dress during a shopping trip, if it were not for her uniform with its decorations hanging nearby, no one would guess that she has been through the war, 1940s.

A red army artillery battalion surpressing the kronstadt mutiny, 1921, civil war, russia.

Lieutenant-general pavel belov, commander of a red army cavalry unit, world war ll, march 1942, world war ll.

Alexander kerensky's last speech at the pre-parliament on november 6, 1917, the day before the break-out of the socialist revolution.

World war 2, siege of sevastopol, general petrov (2nd from left) commander of the maritime army at sevastopol, inspecting the defense lines during the siege of he city by the germans when the soviet troops held out for 250 days after the remainder of the crimea had been invaded by the germans, 1942.

Soviet red army troops during a victory parade in front of the brandenburg gate in berlin, germany at the end of world war 2, may 20, 1945.

Behind the scenes at the grand opera and ballet theater of the ussr, ballet dancers at a rehearsal, january 1947.

Soviet ballet dancer, natalia dudinskaya, as bayadere at the leningrad theater of opera and ballet, 1930s.

Joseph stalin (front, left) sits with k,e, voroshilov at a conference of best combine workers and soviet government, left to right, back: a,a, andreyev, l,m, kaganovich, v,j, chubar, ussr, 1930s.

10th century, a prince and his bodyguard gathering tribute from the people, the prince's servant kept account and recorded the amount of tribute brought in on a tablet.

Workers studying diagrams indicating the output accomplished at the blast furnace shop of the magnitogorsk iron and steel works.

Funeral of soviet politician mikhail ivanovich kalinin, 1946, pallbearers, from left: malenkov, beria, molotov, stalin.

Tunguska meteorite, the valley of the churgima stream, 4km south of where the meteorite fell in 1908, the hills are covered with fallen and burnt trees and young growth, this picture was taken during professor leonid kulik's 1938 expedition to investigate the event.

Nikolai alekseyevich voznesensky, chairman of the state planning commission of the ussr, speaking at the joint session of the supreme soviet of the ussr and the soviet of nationalities, seated behind him on the presidium are (l to r): ch, aslanova and p, levitsky, vice-chairmen of the soviet of nationalities, a, zhdanov, chairman of the soviet of the union, t, lysenko and n, undasynov, vice-chairmen of the soviet of the union.

Grigoriy konstantinovich ordzhonikidze (sergo ordzhonikidze) speaking and giving details of the program for developement of basic industries under the new five-year-plan at the congress of the russian communist party.

M, i, kalinin, president of the central executive committee of the ussr, awarding the order of the red banner of labor to grigoriy konstantinovich ordzhonikidze (sergo ordzhonikidze), the people's commissar of heavy industry, for over-fulfilling the production plan of 1935.

Comrade solovyov, the secretary of the communist party branch at the krasny putilovets plant, undergoing questioning duing the campaign to cleanse the cp of hostile elements, leningrad, 1933, the banner reads: 'a communist is obliged to be truthful and honest before the party'.

Post-war donbass heals it's wounds, setting up a cylindrical head-frame, designed by engineer zherbin, at the dzerzhinsky colliery no, 12 in donbass, ussr, 1940s.

Oil fields of baku, azerbaijan ssr, 1920s.

Joseph stalin and kliment voroshilov (left) in 1920.

Yugoslav army reservists resting before entering bosnian town of visegrad, 170 km south of belgrade, war, 1992, yugoslavia.

M, marushko, a 66 year-old peasant from the village of dobroshin in the zhukov district of western ukraine, sees a picture of joseph stalin for the first time in his life, october 1939.

The boiko's tank unit receives new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942, tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko and her husband, driver/mechanic ivan boiko.

Russian emissaries inviting rurik to come and rule over russia.

Red army soldier guarding a factory in the 1920s.

World war 2, a red army cavalry unit heading into battle, february 1942.

Vladimir lenin, leo trotsky, and lev kamenev on sverdlovsk square in moscow, may 1920.

Capture of two swedish ships by russian navy of peter the great, 1703.

The boiko's tank unit receives new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942, tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko watches the gun-layer, guards' sargeant russkikh, don the gun tarpaulin on her order.

World war 2, marshal of the soviet union, ivan konev (konyev), commander of the troops of the first ukrainian front, confering with american general omar bradley in 1945.

Communist leaders from two continents at the bolshoi theater in moscow at a meeting in honor of josef stalin's 70th birthday on december 21, 1949, (left to right: chairman mao zedong; armed forces minister marshal n,a, bulganin; and stalin).

Red army anti-tank rifle men on the first baltic front, world war 2, april 1944.

Georgy zhukov, the commander of the 39th buzuluk cavalry regiment, 7th cavalry division samara in 1923.

World war 2, battle of stalingrad, major general guriev, commander of the division, addresses the first reinforcements who arrived at stalingrad over the frozen volga river.

Red army cavalry charge with sabers drawn, following the tanks into the action, world war ll.

A red army cavalry charge, september 1941, world war ll.

Admiral arseni grigoryevich golovko, commander of the northern fleet, soviet navy, world war 2.

A,i, mikoyan with walter ulbricht, first deputy prime minister of the gdr, during his visit to east germany in april 1958.

V,i, lenin speaking to red army troops leaving for the front (civil war period), sverdlov square, moscow, may 5th 1920, this is an altered image: the figure of leon trotsky standing in the area with steps behind the speakers' platform has been painted out.

Russian civilians brought to nazi germany as slave laborers returning to the soviet union after the end of the european phase of world war 2, magdenburg, germany, may 1945.

Five leaders of decembrist uprising of 1825, left to right: p,i, pestel, k, f, rileyev, m,p, bestuzhev-riumin, s,i, muravyev-apostol, p,g, kakhovsky, all five were executed by order of tsar nicholas the first, russia.

A group of young women who work in the krasnaya gornyachka mines near chelyabinsk, they have taken the place of their husbands and brothers who are soldiers that are fighting at the front, world war 2.

World war 2, civilian refugees walking east, past red army troops heading west to the front to counter the german advances in july 1941.

V,i, lenin speaking to red army troops leaving for the front (civil war period), sverdlov square, moscow, may 5th 1920, leon trotsky is standing on the stairs on the right.

World war 2, rumanian and german prisoners of war captured by red army troops during fighting in the crimea, april 1944.

Soviet leader nikita khrushchev (left) and u,s, vice-president richard nixon at the opening of the u,s, trade and technology exhibition in moscow, ussr, 1959, the famous kitchen debate, leonid brezhnev, second from right, front.

People listening to a speach of a people's commissar being played on a gramaphone, 1920, propaganda train bringing movies and recordings to to reach and instruct the peasantry.

world war ll, soldiers of the third ukrainian front being welcomed in a bulgarian town, september 1944.

Lenin's funeral, members of the politburo carrying the casket into the crypt near the kremlin wall in red square, moscow, january 1924.

Women drying grain on a kolkhoz (collective farm) in the soviet union, 1930s.

Panorama (1 of 3) of the l, kaganovich oil fields in baku, azerbaijan ssr, 1930s.

Panorama (2 of 3) of the l, kaganovich oil fields in baku, azerbaijan ssr, 1930s.

Panorama (3 of 3) of the l, kaganovich oil fields in baku, azerbaijan ssr, 1930s.

Soviet ballet dancer, marina kondryateva, in the title role in laurencia, alexander krein's ballet based on a play by lope de vega, 1950s (?).

Soviet cosmonaut yuri gagarin with khrushchev on the rostrum on lenin's tomb in red square, moscow, ussr, 1961.

Joseph stalin standing on lenin's tomb in red square, reviewing the may day parade in 1952.

A meeting of the working people of the molotov election district of moscow, held here on the occasion of vyacheslav molotov's consent to stand for elections in this district, ussr, february 1950.

World war 2, a cossack cavalry unit charge, driving the enemy westward, april 1942.

Nikolai alekseyevich voznesensky, chairman of the state planning commission and vice-chairman of the council of people's commissars, january 1938.

A statue of joseph stalin in the garden of victory square in the industrial city of stalinsk, the iron and steel plant is in the background, spewing smoke, early 1950s.

A party meeting at the 'paris commune' plant in moscow during the campaign to cleanse the communist party of hostile elements, september 1933.

Moscow on the eve of may day, a couple placing an order for the holidays at the home delivery department of 'gastronom' food shop no, 2, april 1952.

Technicians in protective suits lift empty case of chemical air bomb out of a discharge chamber after the chemical agent was drained, soviet military base of shikhany, saratov region, ussr, october 4th 1987, diplomats and military experts from 45 countries witnessed a mass decommiss-ioning of chemical weapons.

Marshals georgy zhukov and rokossovsky receive highest awards from the polish military, marshal m, rola-zymierski, commander-in-chief of the polish army, zhukov, and colonel-general s, poplawski at the warsaw aerodrome, 1945,world war 2.

Moscow residents lining up at a canteen of the moscow public catering committee in 1921.

Painting 'the knight at the crossroad' by v,m, vaznetsov, ilya of murom, according to legend, in service of vladimir of kiev, 1953.

Delegates to 11th young communist league (komsomol) congress at the kremlin palace of congresses, moscow, ussr, 1949.

Behind the scenes at the grand opera and ballet theater of the ussr, soviet ballet dancer, g, ulanova, in her dressing room, january 1947.

Berlin, east germany, gdr, 1979, the new palace hotel with restaurant and shopping complex nears completion.

The house in which joseph stalin was born and spent his childhood in gori, georgia.

A demonstration / parade of the working people in red square in moscow on november 7, 1950, the sportsmen are carrying soviet flags and an image of stalin.

Museum workers at the hermitage museum in leningrad work to save the priceless art treasures damaged by nazi shelling of the building, seige of leningrad, world war 2.

With the eyes of glasnost' sign reads: 'glasnost' cartoon from krokodil magazine p, kulichin and g, sochi.

Red army soldiers fighting in ruins of krasny oktyabr (red october) works (factory), stalingrad, ussr, january 1943, world war 2.

Red army troops dislodge germans from the village 'n' on the western front, soviet t-34 tanks and red army infantry advancing on german positions during winter fighting on the western front.

Top - a view of gori, the town in georgia where joseph stalin was born, december 21, 1879, bottom - the house in which stalin was born and spent his childhood, right - a group of gori school children, stalin is on the lower right.

The first world war, supreme commander-in-chief tsar nicholas ll with general (infantry) alexeyev, chief of staff, and major-general pustovoitenko, quarter-master of the staff, looking over a map in november 1915, mogilev, byelorussia.

Maxim gorky, vyacheslav molotov, k, voroshilov, joseph stalin,, mikhail kalinin and nikolai bulganin (left to right) on the platform of the lenin mausoleum during a sports parade in red square, moscow, july 24, 1934.

War time restoration of the krasnodar machine tool manufacturing plant is under way, a vertical boring and turning machine, assembled by a, bershadsky and his crew, is completed 20 days ahead of schedule, ussr 1940s.

A post-war meeting of workers at the kirov factory discussing plans for production necessary to complete the five-year-plan in four, this factory has been decorated three times, leningrad, ussr, 1946.

State prosecutor, andrei vyshinsky reading the charges at a purge trial in the late 1930's.

Unemployed men at the hitrov market in moscow in the 1890s.

The ussr pavillion at the 1939 world's fair in new york.

A political meeting held among russian sodiers on eastern front in may, after the first revolution of 1917, during world war i.

World war 2, the city of dniepropetrovsk liberated by the red army on october 25, 1943.

An aerial view of the opera house and surrounding streets, odessa, ukrainian ssr, late 1940s.

The novolipetsk iron and steel mills under construction near the kursk magnetic anomaly, the plant will be the major metal supplier for the central and southern regions of the european part of the country, late 1940s.

German death factory near lublin, in majdanek hitlerites built a concentration camp, in which they tortured to death hundreds of thousands of civilians, war prisoners and political prisoners -- poles, russians, czechs, frenchmen, jews, greeks and representatives of other nationalities, photo shows: 'road of death' along which prisoners went on their last journey to the furnaces, in which germans burnt them, august 1944.

Council of women's international democratic federation holds session in moscow, november 1949, eslanda robeson, vice-president of the american women's congress, and people's artist of the uzbek republic temars khanum, during the intermission between sittings of the session.

Members of the diplomatic corps with friends and family in red square, watching a demonstration, mrs, joseph davies, wife of the american ambassador to the ussr, is in the center (w/ light hat & cape), 1930s.

L, beria, g, malenkov, and a,mikoyan on the rostrum on lenin's tomb during a may day demonstration in red square, moscow, ussr, may 1, 1949.

People's comissariat of home trade of ussr on kirov street in moscow, october 1935.

Communist leaders from two continents at the bolshoi theater in moscow at a meeting in honor of josef stalin's 70th birthday on december 21, 1949, (left to right: politburo member l,m, kaganovich; chairman mao zedong; armed forces minister marshal n,a, bulganin; stalin; walter ulbricht, deputy premier of the east german government; j, cedenbal; n,s, khrushchev, chief of the ukrainian council of ministers; i, koplenig).

A crew of young women workers, headed by mari volkova (right), have just finished their shift and are reading the results of the high output competition, volkova and her girlfriends are in second place, the heading of the 'exhibition board' reads 'fulfillment quota for oil output from, ,,', 1940s.

A red army soldier distributes hot food to berlin residents, april, 1945, germany, world war 2.

International women's day, women (mainly textile workers) demonstrate on petrograd's (st, petersburg) nevsky prospect shortly after the establishment of a provisional government, russia, february 1917, the soldiers' families are demanding increased rations for the troops, the banner reads 'comrade workers and soldiers, support our demands'.

Former american ambassador, joseph e, davies with his wife at the byeloruskiy railway terminal in moscow as they were leaving for america, june 1938, on the left is the iranian ambassador and next to him is the french ambassador.

Stalin, kalinin and voroshilov in 1933.

World war 2, artillery and infantry of the first ukrainian front.

Grigoriy konstantinovich ordzhonikidze (sergo ordzhonikidze), chairman of the supreme economic council of the ussr, 1920s.

Kirghiz red army cavalrymen bringing soviet power to central asia, 1930s.

A rally of thousands of russian soldiers and civilians in front of the winter palace in petrograd ( st, petersburg ), protected by the red guard who are shown in the foreground, they were composed of civilians who siezed guns wherever they could be found and rushed to the support of the bolsheviks.

Red army troops and a t-34 tank during a night engagement, world war 2, february 1944.

Sergei eisenstein, famous russian (soviet) film director, eisenstein on location holding a skull prop.

Boris pasternak (1890-1960), russian poet and novelist, author of 'doctor zhivago'.

Red army troops move past frosty barbed wire dragging sleds with machine-guns on the leningrad front.

The delegation from the chinese people's republic, headed by mao zedong, arriving at vnukovo airport in moscow and being greeted by nikita khrushchev, november 2, 1957, they have come to participate in the celebrations of the 40th anniversary of the great october socialist revolution.

German civilians fleeing berlin under the red army attack, world war 2, city in ruins, 1945.

Red army soldiers carrying their battle standard storm the reichstag, berlin, 1945, world war 2.

3rd moscow conference, seated, left to right: v,m, molotov, w, harriman, winston churchill, j,v, stalin, anthony eden, standing: v,m, berezhkov, sir archibald kerr, v,n, pavlov, a, birse, f, gusev, october 18, 1943.

Soviet-finnish war, 1939-1940, advancing red army tanks and infantry in karelia, 1940.

Interrogation of field marshal von paulus, commander of german forces at stalingrad, interrogators: general konstantin rokossovsky (left), general nikolai voronov (center), von paulus, right, 1943, ussr, world war 2 .

Lenin (c), stalin (l) and kalinin (r) in 1919.

Soviet red army soldiers celebrating outside the reichstag (chancery) building, fall of berlin, may 1945, world war 2.

Soviet-finnish war, 1939-1940, a soviet red army tank firing, a still from the newsreel documentary film, 'mannerheim line'.

Soviet-finnish war, 1939-1940, a soviet red army tank firing, a still from the newsreel documentary film, 'mannerheim line'.

A group of young russian ladies play a game of blind man's buff, russia, late 19th, early 20th century.

Workers of the krasny oktyabr iron and steel works back at work at the restored plant in stalingrad, ussr, 1940s.

World war 2, battle of stalingrad, red army soldiers fighting in the ruins of the krasny oktyabr (red october) factory in stalingrad, january 1943.

The black sea fleet, the crew of a soviet ship's anti-aircraft installation repulsing enemy planes, october 1942.

Commander of the pacific fleet of the ussr, vice-admiral yumashev (left) and chief of staff of the pacific fleet, rear-admiral boguenko, on the bridge of the torpedo boat, stalin.

General konstantin rokossovsky, commander of the first byelorussian front, on the phone prior to the battle for stalingrad, on the right is lieutenant general telegin, member of the military council of the front.

Russian peasants with typhus in the nizhni novgorod region in the early 1900s.

Croatian prisoners of war (members of croatian national guard) in manjaca concentration camp near banjaluka, serbia, 1991-1992, former yugoslavia.

Walter ulbricht, first secretary of the socialist unity party (sed) central committee and gdr state council chairman, dancing with soviet cosmonaut valentina tereshkova during the 'cosmonaut ball' in honor of tereshkova and gagarin, berlin, gdr, october 19, 1963.

Us ambassador w, averell harriman with mikhail kalinin, president of the presidium of the supreme soviet of the ussr on october 23, 1943, when harriman presented his credentials, moscow.

A soviet tank and troops of the first ukrainian front on a street in gleiwitz in german silesia on the day it was captured by the red army, february 1945.

Joseph stalin giving a speach to the red army on november 7, 1941 in celebration of the 24th anniversary of the revolution, this was the day that hitler had set for a review of his troops in the same place (moscow).

Russian singer fyodor shalyapin and sergey rakhmaninov in the early 1900s.

Inside the studio of materials, volume, and construction (the former academy of arts) in petrograd, 1920s.

Admiral n,g, kuznetsov, people's commissar of the navy, soviet minister of the navy, 1950s, ussr.

Mao zedong, n,s, khrushchev, n,a, bulganin, a,i, mikoyan, m,a, suslov, kim il sung, v, siroki (czechoslovakia), and enver hoxha (albania) on the tribune of the lenin-stalin mausoleum during the november 7th parade, 1957.

A religious ceremony in the jewish synagogue in the warsaw ghetto before the warsaw uprising, world war 2, poland.

Ekaterina dzhugashvili, joseph stalin's mother.

world war ll, battle of kursk, red army t-34 tanks advancing during the battle of prokhorovka, at the kursk bulge, 30 km from the city of belgorod, the battle of prokhorovka july 12, 1943, was the second world war's biggest armor operation.

The counter-offensive of soviet troops at moscow, the population welcoming red armymen who liberated their village from the nazis, december 1941.

40th anniversary of the gorky academic art theater of the ussr in moscow, people's artist of the ussr, leonid leonidov, at work on his production of maxim gorky's play 'dostigayev and others', october 1938.

World war 2, german gestapo officers executing russian peasants, september 1943, the photo was taken by a german soldier captured by the red army.

Peasant farmers listen to the first radio at a collective farm in the russian federation, 1930.

Red army cavalry with machine-gun carriages on the attack, may 1942.

A red army cavalry unit with machine-gun carriages on the march, june 1942.

Visitors examining the painting 'in the name of peace' by soviet artists v, vikhtinsky, b, zhukov, e, levin, l, chernov, and l, shmatkov at the exhibition of ukrainian fine arts in the tretyakov gallery in moscow, july 1951.

St, isaac's cathedral in leningrad, july 1931.

A group of school children in gori, georgia in the 1890s, stalin is on the lower right.

A young family passing by the windows of the lyudmila shop in tchkalov street in moscow, 1950s.