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An amateur folk chorus singing in manezh square in moscow on the occasion of j,v, stalin's 70th birthday, december 21, 1949, 'glory to the great stalin' written in lights behind them.

Communist leaders from two continents at the bolshoi theater in moscow at a meeting in honor of josef stalin's 70th birthday on december 21, 1949, (left to right: suslov, mao zedong, bulganin, stalin, vassilevsky, and khrushchev).

Communist leaders from two continents at the bolshoi theater in moscow at a meeting in honor of josef stalin's 70th birthday on december 21, 1949, (left to right: politburo member l,m, kaganovich; chairman mao zedong; armed forces minister marshal n,a, bulganin; stalin; walter ulbricht, deputy premier of the east german government; j, cedenbal; n,s, khrushchev, chief of the ukrainian council of ministers; i, koplenig).

Communist leaders from two continents at the bolshoi theater in moscow at a meeting in honor of josef stalin's 70th birthday on december 21, 1949

Communist leaders from two continents at the bolshoi theater in moscow at a meeting in honor of josef stalin's 70th birthday on december 21, 1949, (left to right: chairman mao zedong; armed forces minister marshal n,a, bulganin; and stalin).

Ceremony at the bolshoi theater celebrating joseph stalin's 70th birthday, seated, from left to right, are togliatti, budenni, kaganovich, suslov, mao tse-tung (zedong), bulganin, stalin, vassilevsky, khrushchev, ibarruri, georgiu-dej,shvernik, and malenkov, december 1949.

News reel of joseph stalin watching a may day parade in red square, moscow, 1949.

A view of gori, the town in georgia where joseph stalin was born, december 21, 1879.

Joseph stalin, 1949.

3rd moscow conference, seated, left to right: v,m, molotov, w, harriman, winston churchill, j,v, stalin, anthony eden, standing: v,m, berezhkov, sir archibald kerr, v,n, pavlov, a, birse, f, gusev, october 18, 1943.

V,i, lenin, m,i, kalinin, i,v, stalin in a group of delegates of the 8th meeting of the bolshevik communist party in moscow, march 1919.

Top - a view of gori, the town in georgia where joseph stalin was born, december 21, 1879, bottom - the house in which stalin was born and spent his childhood, right - a group of gori school children, stalin is on the lower right.

Joseph stalin in moscow about 1929.

Joseph stalin, around 1939, in his office in the kremlin, moscow, ussr.

MOSCOW: RED SQUARE.

Joseph stalin, september 1939, moscow, ussr.

Stalin in 1949.

Ruins of cathedral of christ the savior, blown up by order of stalin in 1933, moscow, ussr.

Joseph stalin in 1917.

Propaganda photo of josef stalin as benevolent father figure with eleven year old mamlakat nakhangova, a schoolgirl from the lakhuti collective farm, stalinabad region, tajikistan soviet republic, kremlin palace, moscow, ussr, december 1935.

Visitors examining the painting 'in the name of peace' by soviet artists v, vikhtinsky, b, zhukov, e, levin, l, chernov, and l, shmatkov at the exhibition of ukrainian fine arts in the tretyakov gallery in moscow, july 1951.

A demonstration / parade of the working people in red square in moscow on november 7, 1950, the sportsmen are carrying soviet flags and an image of stalin.

Lenin's funeral, members of the politburo (joseph stalin, left front) carrying the casket into the crypt near the kremlin wall in red square, moscow, january 1924.

Joseph stalin (front, left) sits with k,e, voroshilov at a conference of best combine workers and soviet government, left to right, back: a,a, andreyev, l,m, kaganovich, v,j, chubar, ussr, 1930s.

Joseph Stalin meeting with Mao Zedong in Moscow. December 1949.

Moscow, ussr may day 1941: walking to the may day celebrations in red square, left to right: v, molotov, soviet premier josef stalin, k, voroshilov, g, malenkov, l, beria (head of secret police).

Mao zedong, n,s, khrushchev, n,a, bulganin, a,i, mikoyan, m,a, suslov, kim il sung, v, siroki (czechoslovakia), and enver hoxha (albania) on the tribune of the lenin-stalin mausoleum during the november 7th parade, 1957.

Joseph stalin and vyacheslav molotov at the opening celebrations of the moscow metro (subway) in 1935.

Participants in the annual physiacal culture parade standing under a portrait of joseph stalin near red square in moscow, ussr, 1930s.

A,y, vishinsky signing the treaty of friendship, alliance, and mutual assistance between the soviet union and the chinese people's republic in 1950, (left to right: a,a, gromyko, n,a, bulganin, n,v, roshchin, chou enlai, a,i, mikoyan, n, khrushchev, k, voroshilov, v,m, molotov, stalin, mao zedong, b,v, podtserop, n,t, fedorenko, wang cha hsiang, g,m, malenkov, cheng po ta, l,p, beria, mr, azizov, and l,m, kaganovich).

A woman trying on shoes in the footware department of a moscow department store, december 1947.

Joseph stalin and kliment voroshilov (left) in 1920.

Joseph stalin getting out of his car (an american 1937 v-12 packard), late 1940s.

MOSCOW: REVOLUTION DAY.

Monument to joseph stalin in front of the mechanization pavillion of the all-union agricultural exhibit in moscow, 1941.

A meeting of the working people of the molotov election district of moscow, held here on the occasion of vyacheslav molotov's consent to stand for elections in this district, ussr, february 1950.

A family strolling under the benificent gaze of a sculpture of josef stalin, 'the great continuer of lenin's cause' on one of the central thoroughfares of stalinogorsk, in the moscow coal basin, ussr, 1950.

A crowd gathered for the unvailing of a new monument to joseph stalin erected in front of the baltic railway station in leningrad, november 1949.

The north korean government delegation passing the honor guard at yaraslavl station upon their arrival in moscow, 1949(?), (left to right: kim il sung, a,i, mikoyan, a,a, gromyko, pak heun yung (pak hen yen).

The house in which joseph stalin was born and spent his childhood in gori, georgia.

Joseph stalin during a speech in which he brands japan as an aggressor nation, early 1945.

The house in gori, soviet georgia where joseph stalin was born - now a museum, 1948.

Moscow, 1945: field marshal zhukov and stalin.

The all-union agricultural exhibition in moscow, august 1939, visitors to the exhibition examining specimens of a couch-grass / wheat hybrid (developed by member of the academy of sciences, tsitsin) at the demonstration field of the grain pavillion, in the background is a newly erected statue of stalin.

The log cabin in which joseph stalin lived during his exile in solvychegodsk (vologda province) in 1910.

A group of school children in gori, georgia in the 1890s, stalin is on the lower right.

Joseph stalin standing on lenin's tomb in red square, reviewing the may day parade in 1952.

Soviet sailors swimming with floats with portraits of stalin in celebration of ussr navy day, sevastopol, ussr, july, 1950.

In the name of peace' a painting by soviet artists v, vikhtinsky, b, zhukov, e, levin, l, chernov, and l, shmatkov

J,v, stalin and sergo ordzhonikidze talking with soviet flyer v,p, chkalov at moscow central airdrome, may 1935.

L, beria, g, malenkov, and a,mikoyan on the rostrum on lenin's tomb during a may day demonstration in red square, moscow, ussr, may 1, 1949.

Council of women's international democratic federation holds session in moscow, november 1949, eslanda robeson, vice-president of the american women's congress, addressing the session.

A general view of kurejka (1939) in the turukhansk district of the krasnoyarsk territory, where joseph stalin was exiled by the tsarist government 1913 - 1917.

Joseph Stalin.

Two young girls at a kindergarten in the sverdlov district of moscow adorning a portrait of joseph stalin with greenery on the eve of the 33rd anniversary of the great october socialist revolution, november 7,1950.

Maxim gorky, vyacheslav molotov, k, voroshilov, joseph stalin,, mikhail kalinin and nikolai bulganin (left to right) on the platform of the lenin mausoleum during a sports parade in red square, moscow, july 24, 1934.

Stalin lying in state, moscow, march, 1953.

Ekaterina dzhugashvili, joseph stalin's mother.

Ekaterina dzhugashvili, joseph stalin's mother.

The grotto on the kuskovo estate in the moscow region of the ussr, 1949.

Joseph stalin as a young man in 1900.

Stalin and kirov (same row, far left) in 1930.

A statue of joseph stalin in the garden of victory square in the industrial city of stalinsk, the iron and steel plant is in the background, spewing smoke, early 1950s.

Delegates to 11th young communist league (komsomol) congress at the kremlin palace of congresses, moscow, ussr, 1949.

The house in the village of kurejka (1939) in the turukhansk district of the krasnoyarsk territory, where joseph stalin lived during the years of his exile by the tsarist government 1913 - 1917.

M, marushko, a 66 year-old peasant from the village of dobroshin in the zhukov district of western ukraine, sees a picture of joseph stalin for the first time in his life, october 1939.

A soviet propaganda poster featuring joseph stalin by artist p, golub, 1949, 'may our homeland live and flourish'.

Komsomolskaya square, moscow, 1935, in the background: leningradsky (left) and yaroslavsky (right) rail terminals with a metro station between them, in the right foreground is a corner of the kazansky terminal.

A special meeting of the stalin prize committee held at the moscow art theater where badges and diplomas were being presented to the soviet artists and writers who had been awarded stalin prizes for outstanding works completed in 1945, stalin prize laureate solomon mikhoels is congratulating the prize winners, may 1947.

Council of women's international democratic federation holds session in moscow, november 1949, eslanda robeson, vice-president of the american women's congress, and people's artist of the uzbek republic temars khanum, during the intermission between sittings of the session.

The moscow river and countryside seen from the palace terrace of the arkhangelskoye estate in the moscow region of the ussr, 1949.

Monument to joseph stalin in front of the mechanization pavillion of the all-union agricultural exhibit in moscow, 1941, people's commissar of agriculture of the ussr, i, benediktov, spoke at the meeting during the inauguration which had an attendance of in excess of 50,000 people.

A painting by k, finogenov of j,v, stalin, g,k, ordjonikidze, m,i, kalinin, l,m, kaganovich, and a,a, zhdanov on the experimental field of the auto-tractor institute, 1935.

Joseph stalin giving a speach to the red army on november 7, 1941 in celebration of the 24th anniversary of the revolution, this was the day that hitler had set for a review of his troops in the same place (moscow).

Young moscow women in a beauty salon, moscow, ussr, 1958.

V, lacis, chairman of the council of ministers of the latvian ssr, speaking during the jubilee session of the supreme soviet of the latvian ssr on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of soviet latvia, july 1950.

Moscow conference, winston churchill, stalin, and molotov passing an honor guard prior to the departure of the british delegation.

Civilian women making artillery shells at a munitions factory in moscow during world war 2, the sign behind them reads: 'defenders of moscow! the soviet people are with you!'.

Grigoriy konstantinovich ordzhonikidze (sergo ordzhonikidze), people's commissar of heavy industry with josef stalin welcoming a delegation from the georgian soviet socialist republic to moscow on march 19, 1936.

Mission to moscow', us ambassador joseph davies shaking hands with joseph stalin during his second mission to moscow; in may of 1943 he was ordered by roosevelt to show the film to stalin, this marks one of the first instances of the use of film as a means of diplomatic soft power, vyacheslav molotov is on the right.

A news vendor in moscow, 1935.

Mao tse tung visits the assembly shop of the 'zis-110' passengers cars of stalin automobile plant in moscow, feb, 1950, the person on the extreme right is likhachev, the manager of the plant.

Moscow residents lining up at a canteen of the moscow public catering committee in 1921.

Soviet health spa, a garden of the vinogradovo rest home for teachers in the moscow region, it is run by the trade union of employees of elementary and secondary schools of the russian federation, may 1951.

Joseph stalin speaking with playwriter maxim gorky at lenin's tomb in 1931.

The arch of triumph on kutuzovskiy prospect in moscow, 1934.

The church of christ the savior in moscow, 1920s.

World war 2, soldiers of the (yugoslavian) national liberation army at a dinner arranged for them in the town of brus, december 1944.

Song festival in riga, sport performance of the pupils of the training institutions of the administration of labor reserves of the latvian ssr on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of soviet latvia, july 1950.

Leon trotsky addressing troops on their way to the polish front (civil war period), may 5th 1920, sverdlov square, moscow, on the stairs behind the speakers' platform are lev kamenev (in peaked cap) and v,i, lenin.

Lenin and stalin in the city of gorky, 1922.

Lenin (c), stalin (l) and kalinin (r) in 1919.

Joseph stalin sitting at a table in 1918.

The entrance to the national hotel in moscow, february 1947, the moscow hotel is on the other side of the street.

Sam 2 missiles (guideline) on parade in red square, moscow, ussr, november 7th, 1957.

People's comissariat of home trade of ussr on kirov street in moscow, october 1935.

Women trying on hats at a millinery in moscow, april 1948.

Vladimir lenin, leo trotsky, and lev kamenev on sverdlovsk square in moscow, may 1920.

Cheap meals being distributed among moscow workers in the early 1920s.

Funeral of soviet politician mikhail ivanovich kalinin, 1946, pallbearers, from left: malenkov, beria, molotov, stalin.

A young family passing by the windows of the lyudmila shop in tchkalov street in moscow, 1950s.

A young pioneers sports festival in 1937, in the background is an image of joseph stalin with engelsina (gelya) markizova.

Nikita khrushchev meeting with mao zedong during the chinese people's republic delegation's visit to moscow in 1957.

Soviet cosmonaut yuri gagarin with khrushchev on the rostrum on lenin's tomb in red square, moscow, ussr, 1961.

Stalin in 1930s.

Joseph stalin with two young women from a collective farm in tadjikistan at a conference on cotton farming, january 1935.

Plan for the central square in novorossisk drawn by stalin prize winner and academician b, m, iofan, 1944.

The north korean government delegation attending the fifth session of the supreme soviet of the ussr - a joint sitting of the soviet of the union and the soviet of nationalities, march 1949, sitting in the balcony are pak heun yung (pak hen yen) (in glasses), and kim il sung.

Two women looking at coats and hats on display in a window of the central department store in moscow, 1940s.

San Jose, California: December 24, 1942 Three orphans from the Home of Benevolence in San Jose greet the Christmas season with joyous carols.

The party-government delegation from the gdr arrive in moscow, 1959, walter ulbricht making a speech at vnukovo airfield as khrushchev looks on.

A party meeting at the 'paris commune' plant in moscow during the campaign to cleanse the communist party of hostile elements, september 1933.

Lenin's funeral, members of the politburo carrying the casket into the crypt near the kremlin wall in red square, moscow, january 1924.

Painting 'the knight at the crossroad' by v,m, vaznetsov, ilya of murom, according to legend, in service of vladimir of kiev, 1953.

Leon trotsky, people's commissar for military and naval affairs, at a military parade in red square in honor of the third congress of the communist interantion (third international), moscow, soviet union, 1920.

Josef stalin (right) with felix dzherzhinsky, founder of the cheka (first soviet secret police), late 1920s? .

Prince of kiev, yaroslav the wise (1019 1054), sculpture reconstructed from the skull by m,m, gerasimov, the anthropologist, from the collection of the state historical museum in moscow, 1957.

A parade in red square, moscow, soviet union, may 1st, 1922, left to right: mikhail lashevich (second from left), leon trotsky (center, military uniform, beard), lev kamenev (second from right), tomsky (far right).

Soviet health spa, the dancing pavillion at the ivanovo textile workers' rest home, september 1949.

A view of deribasovskaya street in the city of odessa, ukrainian ssr, 1949.

Soviet health resorts, workers on holiday on the sports grounds of the textile workers' rest home in the ivanovo region, september 1949.

The delegation from the chinese people's republic, headed by mao zedong, arriving at vnukovo airport in moscow and being greeted by nikita khrushchev, november 2, 1957, they have come to participate in the celebrations of the 40th anniversary of the great october socialist revolution.

Stalin at the Yalta conference.

Behind the scenes at the grand opera and ballet theater of the ussr, soviet ballet dancer, g, ulanova, in her dressing room, january 1947.

The bath house' by vladimir mayakovsky, a scene from act 6, produced by v, meyerhold at the meyerhold state theatre, moscow, ussr, 1930.

The bed bug' by vladimir mayakovsky, act 1, 1929 production by v, meyerhold at the meyerhold gostheatr (state theater), moscow, ussr.

The seagull' by anton chekhov, moscow art theatre production, left to right: luzhsky as dorn; v, meyerhold as treplev; roksanova as nina.

Joseph stalin receiving a bouquet of flowers from engelsina (gelya) markizova, the 7-year-old daughter of the second secretary of the buryat-mongolian regional party committee in 1936, stalin had him executed the following year, her mother was arrested and exiled to kazakhstan where she died under suspicious circumstances in 1940.

Joseph stalin receiving a bouquet of flowers from engelsina (gelya) markizova, the 7-year-old daughter of the second secretary of the buryat-mongolian regional party committee in 1936, stalin had him executed the following year, her mother was arrested and exiled to kazakhstan where she died under suspicious circumstances in 1940.

Joseph stalin with two young women collective farm workers from tadjikistan soviet republic at a conference of cotton farm workers, january 1936, ussr.

50 meter high monument to josef stalin erected in the armenian capital of yerevan, 1951, the monument was built by sculptor and people's artist of the ussr, s, merkurov and architect, r, izraelian who were both awarded the stalin prize for their efforts.

A soviet propaganda poster featuring joseph stalin published by the iskusstvo publishing house, 1950 (?), 'the great stalin - the hope for peace', published during the collection of signatures under the appeal of the world peace council in the soviet union for a peace pact between the great powers.

MOSCOW: SUNDAY MARKET

Sunday In Lapland

Palm Sunday, Procession In The Sala Regia.

The Sunday Trading Question: A Sketch In Petticoat Lane

Sergei mironovich kirov at the construction site of the stalin white sea - baltic canal, june 1932.

Red army soldier guarding a factory in the 1920s.

Unemployed day laborers in front of an employment agency in moscow in the 1890s.

Harvest time on a collective farm in the ussr, august 1947, trucks from the stalin collective farm in the stavropol territory taking grain to the state elevator, the banner reads 'first bread goes to the state'.

Soviet health spa, patients taking sulphur baths at the institute of balneotherapeutics, a health resort in the center of moscow, july 1947.

Unemployed men at the hitrov market in moscow in the 1890s.

Sergei mironovich kirov, kirov's funeral procession in red square seen from the kremlin wall, december 1934.

Zoltan tildy, president of the hungarian republic, and the hungarian delegation arriving in moscow, february 1948

The defendants of a purge trial of menshevik counter-revolutionaries in moscow, 1931.

Joseph stalin at a may day celebration with first grade student vera kondakova, may 1, 1952, she stepped out of a column of pioneers and presented the premier with a bouquet of flowers.

Joseph stalin giving a speach at a session of the commission for studying the project of the model constitution of agricultural artels during the second all-union congress of collective farm shock-workers, april 1935.

Nikita khrushchev and joseph stalin, may 1, 1932.

Portrait of joseph stalin, oil painting by alexander gerasimov, 1944.

A monument to josef stalin, designed by sculptor sergei merkurov, standing at the entrance to the moskva-volga canal.

Stalin addressing the 8th congress of soviets on the draft of the new soviet constitution, nov 25, 1936.

The men of the boiko tank unit receiving new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942.

Spasso house, the residence of the us ambassador to the soviet union, walter b, smith, in moscow, ussr, late 1940s.

Nikolai shvernik reading the sentence handed down by the supreme court at a trial of menshevik counter-revolutionaries in moscow, 1931.

V, i, lenin with parley christensen, 1920 usa presidential candidate representing the farmer labor party, meeting in his study in moscow, november of 1921.

Buildings and swimming pool,

Children at Sunday school class 1943

Children at Sunday school class 1943

I,v, rusakov workers' club, in stromynskaya square, moscow, ussr, designed by konstantin s, melnikov, 1927-29, transport workers club, 'school of communism'.

Tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko, speaking to attendees of the fourth soviet women's anti-fascist meeting on august 20, 1944 at the tchaikovsky concert hall in moscow.

Former american ambassador, joseph e, davies with his wife at the byeloruskiy railway terminal in moscow as they were leaving for america, june 1938, on the left is the iranian ambassador and next to him is the french ambassador.

German death factory near lublin, in majdanek hitlerites built a concentration camp, in which they tortured to death hundreds of thousands of civilians, war prisoners and political prisoners -- poles, russians, czechs, frenchmen, jews, greeks and representatives of other nationalities, photo shows: 'road of death' along which prisoners went on their last journey to the furnaces, in which germans burnt them, august 1944.

Stalin, kalinin and voroshilov in 1933.

Red square, moscow, ussr, may day 1937, left to right: josef stalin, k, voroshilov, nikolay yezhov (head of nkvd), l,m, kagonovich on reviewing stand on top of lenin's tomb.

Rozaliya zemlyachka (seated with glasses) during a purge trial at a co-operative in moscow, 1933, a leading bolshevik party member, she was one of the organizers of the 'red terror' during the civil war, she was responsible for the execution of thousands of white guard officers in the crimea after it was occupied by the red army in 1921.

The boiko's tank unit receives new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942, tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko and her husband, driver/mechanic ivan boiko.

The boiko's tank unit receives new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942, tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko and her husband, driver/mechanic ivan boiko.

Gorky street in moscow, ussr, october 1955.

A soviet propaganda poster featuring joseph stalin published by the iskusstvo publishing house, 1950 (?), 'under the leadership of great stalin - forward to communism'.

The counter-offensive of soviet troops at moscow, the population welcoming red armymen who liberated their village from the nazis, december 1941.

Bejetzk district, moscow province, bejetzk machine and tractor station that serves collective farms by renting them machinery and giving advice on crops, (late 1920s/early 1930s) .

Street scene with moscow hotel on the right, moscow, 1930s.

Mayor fletcher bowron of los angeles (left) meeting with professor solomon mikhoels and lt, colonel itzik feffer, officers of the jewish anti-fascist committee, during their fund-raising trip to the united states in 1943, next to them are (l to r) judge isaac pacht, head of the la reception committee, attorney chaim shapiro, and v,v, pastoyev, soviet consul of los angeles.

V,i, lenin (in bowler hat) plays chess with a, a, bogdanov while visiting a,m, gorky (in background, in wide-brimmed hat, standing next to natalya bogdanova), zinovll peshkov, who was standing behind them, has been edited out of this version of the photo, capri, italy, april 1908.

World war 2, members of a guards unit taking the guardsmen's oath on a snow covered airfield on the soviet/german front, soviet air force mikoyan-gurevich mig-3 (i-18) fighters in winter camouflage are lined up behind them, defense of moscow, 1942.

Vladimir ilyich ulyanov (lenin) with fellow members of the st, petersburg 'league of struggle for the emancipation of the working class', st, petersburg, 1897, (left to right) standing - a,l, malchenko, p,k, zaporozhets, a,a, vaneye; seated - v,v, starkov, g,m, krzhizhanovsky, v,i, ulyanov, y,o, martov-tsederbaum, they styled themselves as 'old marxists', had years of revolutionary experience, and some of them had been in prison.

Bolshevik leader sergei mironovich kirov speaking at the 17th congress of the all-union communist party of bolsheviks in february 1934, ordzhonikidze is behind him on the left.

Polikarpov po-2 (u-2) planes used for forest protection at an aerodrome in the irkutsk region, july 1949.

Sergei mikhalkov, soviet poet and playwright, co-author with stalin of the soviet national anthem, 1950.

Monument to joseph stalin at the entrance to the nevinnomisk canal, 1950.

A statue of joseph stalin on the grounds of the mariupol steel mill, ukraine, ussr, 1940.

Monument to joseph stalin erected at the entrance to the lenin volga-don shipping canal, 1952.

Portrait of joseph stalin painted by p, vasilyev during the great patriotic war.

joseph stalin and kliment voroshilov visiting writer maxim gorky (center), 1931.

Chinese premier zhou enlai in moscow in 1964.

Housing construction in moscow in the 1950s, ussr.

V,i, lenin speaking to red army troops leaving for the front (civil war period), sverdlov square, moscow, may 5th 1920, this is an altered image: the figure of leon trotsky standing in the area with steps behind the speakers' platform has been painted out.

Moscow, 1952, the foreign ministry building in smolenskaya square.

Sadovaya-chernogryazskaya street in moscow, ussr, october 1954.

August kirchenstein, chairman of the presidium of the supreme soviet of the latvian ssr receiving visitors on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of soviet latvia, june 1950.

Us ambassador llewellyn thompson with nikolai blokhin (left) at the friendship house in moscow during a memorial meeting in honor of franklin delano roosevelt's 80th birthday, february 1962.

Soviet health resorts, doctors of the lermontov sanatorium in odessa, ukraine, on the black sea coast, observing patients during treatments, a patient in the sanatorium's swimming pool can be seen on the screen in the foreground while his heart rate is being monitored, january 1973.

Soviet health spa, the primorye rest home for workers of heavy machine-building plants, located near odessa, in the ukraine, may 1951.

Soviet health resorts, workers undergoing quartz and sun-ray treatment in the light therapy room of the skala sanatorium at kislovodsk, may 1951.

Soviet health spa, miners of the sophia colliery in the stalino region of the ukraine receiving inhalation treatment at a new facility, the network of medical and prophylactic institutions is growing steadily, new dispensaries and polyclinics with the latest equipment have been opened in mining districts, august 1952.

The boiko's tank unit receives new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942, tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko and her husband, driver/mechanic ivan boiko being welcomed by their new comrades.

The boiko's tank unit receives new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942, tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko and her husband, driver/mechanic ivan boiko, the unit commander entrusts the boiko crew with their tank.

The boiko's tank unit receives new js-122 (joseph stalin 122) heavy tanks, 1942, tank commander, junior lieutenant alexandra boiko watches the gun-layer, guards' sargeant russkikh, don the gun tarpaulin on her order.

The russian delegation including leo trotsky, being greeted by the germans upon their arrival at brest-litovsk, december 27, 1917.

Ambassador alexandra kollontai at her home in moscow, on the bookshelf behind her is a portrait of the minister of republican spain, isabel de palencia, the author of her biography, april 1946.